GULSHAN-I RÂZ

گلشن راز

The Mystic Rose Garden

SHEIKH MAHMÛD SHABISTARI


Edited by: Dr. Necati Aksu


 

QUESTION VIII.

468

Why call they a creature 'united,' 1

How can he achieve travelling and journey ?

ANSWER VIII.

469

Union with "The Truth " is separation from the creature state, 2

Friendship with Him is estrangement from self. 3

470

When the contingent wipes off the dust of contingency,
Nothing remains save Necessary Being.

471

The existence of the two worlds is as a dream,
In the moment of eternity they become naught.

472

He who is ' united ' is not a creature, 4

The perfect man says not so.

473

How shall not being find entrance at that door ?

What connection has the dust with the Lord of Lords ?

474

How can not being be united with " The Truth ?"
How can not being achieve travelling and journey ?

475

If your soul were cognizant of this mystery,

You would straightway say " God pardon my error. 5 "

476

You are non-existent, 6 and not being is ever immovable,

How can this non-existent contingent move to the necessary ?

477

No substance possesses objectivity 7 without accidents,

And what is an accident ? what "endures not two moments."

478

Philosophers, who have written on natural science,
Define bodies by length, breadth and depth. 8

479

What then is matter but an absolute nonentity

Wherein is demonstrated form ?

480

As then form without matter is not self existent, 9

So too matter without a form is naught but not being.

481
All the bodies in the universe consist of these two nonentities,
Whereof nothing is known, but their non-existence.

482

Consider then their whole essence without more or less, 10

In itself it is neither existent nor non-existent. 11

483

Look upon contingent being in spirit and in truth,
For apart from necessary being it is naught.

484

Absolute Being by its own perfection is pervading all, 12

Phenomenal objects are mere imaginary things ; 13

485

Imaginary things are not really existent,

Though the numbers are many, only One is counted.

486

The world has only a simulated existence,
Its state is but an insubstantial pageant and a farce. 14

 

ILLUSTRATION.

OF MODES OF BEING. 15

487

The mist is raised up out of the sea,

By command of " The Truth " it rains down on the desert.

488

The sun's rays are shed down from the fourth heaven,
And are mingled with the water.

489

Then the heat strives to ascend on high,
And the water of the sea clings to it.

490

And when with these are joined earth and air,
There comes forth the green and pleasant plant. 16

491

This becomes the food of and is transformed into animals,
Which are eaten by and transmuted into man.

492

It becomes seed, and passes through divers states,
And then there is born of it another man.

493

Then when the reasonable soul as a light enters the body, 17

There is produced a fair and brilliant form ;

494

It becomes child, youth, adult and then aged man,
It knows wisdom, knowledge, reason, counsel.

495

Then comes his appointed time from the pure presence,
Pure spirit returns to spirit, dust to dust. 18

496

All the parts of the world are like plants,
They are single drops from the ocean of life. 19

497

When the set times of their manifestations pass by,
Their end becomes again their beginning. 20

498

Every one of them tends towards its Centre,
For its nature forsakes not its centripetal character.

499

Unity is like a sea, albeit a sea of blood, 21

Whereout rise thousands of mad waves.

500

Behold how this drop of water from that sea,

Has assumed so many names and forms !

501

Mist, cloud, rain, dew, clay,
Plant and animal, and perfect man.

502

In fine it was one drop of water at the first,
Wherefrom all these things were fashioned. 22

503

This universe of reason, soul, heavens and bodies, 23

Is as a drop of water in its beginning and ending.

504

When their appointed time comes to heaven and stars,
Their being is lost in not being. 24

505

When a wave strikes it, the world vanishes away,
Then is fulfilled the text "It abounded not yesterday." 25

506

In a moment this world passes away,
None remains in the house save " The Truth."

507

At that moment you attain proximity,
You stripped of ' self are ' united ' to " The Beloved."

508

Union here means the cessation of this dream,
When this dream passes away, it is union.

509

Say not ' the contingent outsteps its limits,' 26
Contingent becomes not necessary, nor necessary contingent.
510

He who is transcendent in spiritual mysteries,
Says not this, for it is an inversion of verities.

511

O master ! you have a thousand ' processes' before you, 27

Go and consider your own coming and going.

512

Of the argument of part and whole and the ' process' of man,
I tell you every whit both manifest and secret.


1 This answer discusses the nature of the perfected Sufi, wasil i Hakk, i.e. he who has drawn near to " The Truth," who has arrived at Unity. Wasal is defined in the Tamâmi-ul-asâmi, " The extinction of our own existence in the existence of God, as snow melts in the sea and as motes vanish in the sun." Tholuck, Ssufismus, 72. Compare the Henosis and Haplosis of Plotinus. Ueberweg, i. 251.

2 ' Creature state,' i. e. phenomenal illusion of duality. L.

3 Compare St. James, iv. 4 : " The friendship of the world is enmity with God."

4 His phenomenal ' side ' vanishes, and nothing remains hut his eternal ' side' of Very Being. L.

5 I.e. in calling a creature ' united,' Wasil i Hakk. L.

6 I.e. in your creature state. L.

7 ' Objectivity,' ' ayn, evidence, visibility, externality. " Non incurrunt ipsae substantise in oculos, sed vestitae et ornataa accidentibus." Melancthon, quoted by Hamilton, Metaphysics, I. 139.

8 I.e. by mere accidents. L.

9 See note on couplet 704.

10 Whole essence, mahiyat, the Aristotelian to ti, species. Schmb'lders, Documenta. Here matter plus form.

11 If existent it could not become non-existent, and vice versa. L.

12 Its perfection is to be manifested. L. See couplet 139.

13 Amri 'itibari. " That which has no existence except in the mind of him who conceives it, and so long as he conceives it." Jorjani, T'arifat, Notices des Mss.X.84. I.e. merely subjective.

14 Compare Koran, Sura XXIX. 64 : " This present life is no other than a pastime and a sport."

15 I.e. of the modes in which Absolute Being is evolved or manifested in phe nomenal plural objects. L.

16 Compare Milton's Paradise Lost, V. 479 :

So from the root

      Springs lighter the green stalk, from thenee the leaves

      More airy, last the bright consummate flower

      Spirits odorous breathes ; flowers and their fruit,

      Man's nourishment, by gradual scale sublimed

      To vital spirits aspire, to animal,

      To intellectual, give both life and sense

      Fancy and understanding, whence the soul

      Reason receives, and reason is her being.

17 Alluding to Koran, Sura XV. 29 : "I have breathed of my spirit into man."

18 Eccles. xii. 7.

19 Single because each manifests one Divine Name. L. See couplet 278.

20 They all end in the ' sea of Unity.' L.

21 It is a sea of blood because of the continual annihilation in it of its waves, viz. phenomena and plurality. L.

22 Compare Wisdom xi. 23 ; and Koran, Sura XXI. 31 : " We made every living thing of water."

23 Reason i.e. Universal Eeason, the first Emanation, as in couplet 204. L.

24 The Koranic texts about the last clay are applied by the Sufis to the continual annihilation of phenomena in Unity. L.

25 " Verily the likeness of this present life is no other than as water, which we send down from heaven, and wherewith the produce of the earth is mixed, of which men oat and cattle also until the earth hath received its vesture and is adorned. The inhabitants thereof imagine that they have power over the same, but our command cometh unto it by night or by day, and we render it mown, as though yesterday it had not abounded with fruits." Koran, Sura X. 25,

26 I.e. not being. L.

27 Nisha. Lahiji says this includes the processes of mubda, coming or origin, ma'ash, sustenance, and mu'ad, return or going. Compare Koran, Sura XXIX. 17 : " See how Allah originated the creature world, and then created a new creation."