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GULSHAN-I RÂZ
گلشن راز
The
Mystic Rose Garden
SHEIKH MAHMÛD
SHABISTARI
Edited
by: Dr. Necati Aksu
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NOTE ON THE PROSODY OF THE " GULSHAN 1 RAZ.'
As before stated (p. v., note), the metre is Hexameter Hazaj Catalectic ; the
last foot may be fa'ûlun as well as mafâ'il. (Blochmann, Persian
Prosody, p. 31.) Though written in the classical period, the poem contains many
pre-classic forms, e.g.
مر
before the nominative, 1. 755; the kasra of the izâfat lengthened to
ى,
A1.832 ; the preposition
بر
with the izafat, 1. 38;
را as the sign of the genitive,
1. 554 ; pronominal affixes separated from their verb, 1. 443 ; the preposition
در
placed after its noun, to which
به is prefixed, 1. 109.
Contractions are frequent, e.g. bagzasht, 1. 28; bastad, 1. 61;
nanhâda, 1. 161 ; nabwad, 1. 142 ; tust for tu ast, 1. 269 ;
batar for badtar, 1. 323 ; bûd for bûd, 1. 914 ; arni for arini,
1. 193 ; alastub rabbakum, 1. 419 ; ta'allallâ, 1. 13. The
tashdid of words like
دق ,
حقّ,
and درّ
is dropped if the metre requires it. (Blochmanu, p. iv.) The tashdid is
added ob metrum in امّيد,A1. 821; and, if the readings in the text are correct, to
اسم
in 1. 706, and to بصر
and سمع
in lines 144 and 403- But this is doubtful. (See Blochmann, p. 9.) In 1. 385 the
izâfat after mute
لا is not
sounded. (Lumsden, Persian Grammar, ii. 249-) In 1. 84 and 1. 320
ة
is treated as a mute لا.
In 1. 368 and 1. 552 ه
is treated as an alif i waçl. (Blochmann, p. 13.) Blochmann says
ی
doubled by an affixed izâfat or yae tankir should not be marked with
hamza, but the MSS. of this poem mark it with hamza or with
tashdid, as in 1. 703 ; or leave it unmarked, as in 11. 642 and 336. (See
Lumsden, ii. 247). Note that hamza is often used when
ی
is a single vowel, e. g. 11. 3 and 435. This, according to Blochmann, is its
only correct use with ی.
Line 347 will not scan as it stands, but the MSS. offer no alternative reading
for تمامست.
Probably ت
here is not sounded, as in
كنشت,A1. 305, and
هفتصد,A1. 544. The MSS. generally insert the hamza, indicating an izâfat
or yae tankir, after mute
لا, but sometimes omit it, as
in 1. 456.
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